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Compare Reunion (2001) - Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2003)
Compare Reunion (2001) z Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2003)
| Reunion (2001) | Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2003) | |
 |  Islands-2003-bmala.jpg) | |
| Administrative divisions | none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons | none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
32.07% (male 120,259; female 114,669) 15-64 years: 62.25% (male 224,347; female 231,698) 65 years and over: 5.68% (male 16,892; female 24,705) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: NA%
15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% (2003 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn | vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts |
| Airports | 2 (2000 est.) | 1 (2002) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
| Area | total:
2,512 sq km land: 2,502 sq km water: 10 sq km |
total: 14 sq km
land: 14 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than Rhode Island | about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
| Background | The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route. | There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William Keeling discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. |
| Birth rate | 21.26 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
NA expenditures: NA |
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
| Capital | Saint-Denis | West Island |
| Climate | tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April | tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year |
| Coastline | 207 km | 26 km |
| Constitution | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) | Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Department of Reunion conventional short form: Reunion local long form: none local short form: Ile de la Reunion former: Bourbon Island |
conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands |
| Currency | French franc (FRF); euro (EUR) | Australian dollar (AUD) |
| Death rate | 5.52 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $NA |
| Dependency status | overseas department of France | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas department of France) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas department of France) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France | $NA |
| Economy - overview | The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to more than 40% of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France. | Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. |
| Electricity - consumption | 1.023 billion kWh (1999) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - production | 1.1 billion kWh (1999) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
54.55% hydro: 45.45% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs |
| Ethnic groups | French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian | Europeans, Cocos Malays |
| Exchange rates | euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996) | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Robert POMMIES (since NA 1996) head of government: President of the General Council Jean-Luc POUDROUX (since NA March 1998) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator (nonresident) William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
| Exports | $214 million (f.o.b., 1997) | $NA |
| Exports - commodities | sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993) | copra |
| Exports - partners | France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (1994) | Australia (1999) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | the flag of France is used | the flag of Australia is used |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $3.4 billion (1998 est.) | purchasing power parity - $NA |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $4,800 (1998 est.) | purchasing power parity - $NA |
| GDP - real growth rate | 3.8% (1998 est.) | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 21 06 S, 55 36 E | 12 30 S, 96 50 E |
| Geography - note | - | islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation |
| Highways | total:
2,724 km paved: 1,300 km (including 73 km of four-lane road) unpaved: 1,424 km note: 370 km of road are maintained by national authorities, 754 km by departmental authorities and 1600 km by local authorities (1994) |
total: 15 km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (2003) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $2.5 billion (c.i.f., 1997) | $NA |
| Imports - commodities | manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products | foodstuffs |
| Imports - partners | France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (1994) | Australia (1999) |
| Independence | none (overseas department of France) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction | copra products and tourism |
| Infant mortality rate | 8.49 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | total: NA%
male: NA% female: NA% |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | NA% |
| International organization participation | FZ, InOC, WFTU | none |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 60 sq km (1993 est.) | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel | Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court |
| Labor force | 261,000 (1995) | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture 8%, industry 19%, services 73% (1990) | the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
17% permanent crops: 2% permanent pastures: 5% forests and woodland: 35% other: 41% (1993 est.) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | French (official), Creole widely used | Malay (Cocos dialect), English |
| Legal system | French law | based upon the laws of Australia and local laws |
| Legislative branch | unicameral General Council (47 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve six-year terms)
elections: General Council - last held NA March 1994 (next to be held NA 2000); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PCR 12, PS 12, UDF 11, RPR 5, others 7; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PCR 7, UDF 8, PS 6, RPR 4, various right-wing candidates 15, various left-wing candidates 5 note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held 14 April 1996 (next to be held NA 2001); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1, PCR 2; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 25 May and 1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PCR 3, PS 1, and RPR-UDF 1 |
unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
72.93 years male: 69.53 years female: 76.49 years (2001 est.) |
total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2003 est.) |
| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 79% male: 76% female: 80% (1982 est.) |
- |
| Location | Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar | Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka |
| Map references | World | Southeast Asia |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 28,264 GRT/44,885 DWT ships by type: chemical tanker 1 (2000 est.) |
none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of France | defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory does have a five-person police force |
| Military branches | French forces (Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie) | - |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49:
190,846 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49:
97,497 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - military age | 18 years of age | - |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | males:
6,243 (2001 est.) |
- |
| National holiday | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) | NA |
| Nationality | noun:
Reunionese (singular and plural) adjective: Reunionese |
noun: Cocos Islander(s)
adjective: Cocos Islander |
| Natural hazards | periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano | cyclone season is October to April |
| Natural resources | fish, arable land, hydropower | fish |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Paul VERGES]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jean-Claude FRUTEAU]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD] | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | none |
| Population | 732,570 (July 2001 est.) | 630 (July 2003 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 1.57% (2001 est.) | 0% (2003 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Le Port, Pointe des Galets | none; lagoon anchorage only |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (2000) |
| Radios | 173,000 (1997) | - |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km |
| Religions | Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995) | Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
- |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | NA |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis domestic: modern open wire and microwave radio relay network international: radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) |
general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system
domestic: NA international: telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 satellite earth station of NA type (2002) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 236,500 (1997) | 287 (1992) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 85,000 (1999) | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | 22 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (1997) | NA |
| Terrain | mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast | flat, low-lying coral atolls |
| Total fertility rate | 2.58 children born/woman (2001 est.) | NA children born/woman (2003 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 42.8% (1998) | 60% (2000 est.) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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